Why the actual budget deficit is not a good indicator of the fiscal Essay

Why the actual budget deficit is not a good indicator of the fiscal stance and suggest any other better alternatives - Essay Example The budget deficit must therefore be subjected to an intense analysis and scrutiny. Unless it is cautiously interpreted, the budget as is conventionally defined deficit can give rise to misleading conclusions regarding fiscal policy stance. Such conclusions may result in erroneous policy prescriptions that cause more harm than good to the economy (Abedian and Biggs 1998). For many years policy makers placed a lot of emphasis on limiting government’s role in the economy and lowering the budget deficit (Easterly and Schmidt-Hebbel 2004). The two were regarded as policy goals necessary to achieve equity, growth and redistribution of resources. The big question as to whether the conventional budget balance is the correct indicator of the fiscal stance however remains. It should be noted that there are several other fiscal indicators were proposed as alternatives to the conventional budget balance. These indicators are already in use successfully by international organizations such as the OECD and the IMF (Abedian and Biggs 1998). This study will aim to explore the possibility of using alternative fiscal indicators in monitoring and evaluating the sustainability of fiscal policies. A critical analysis of the actual budget balance indicates that it is not the ideal measurement instrument with regard to ascertaining the fiscal stance of a country. The term budget deficit also referred to as budget balance appears regularly in news articles, policy documents by the government that usually warn of it being very undesirable (Eisner 1999). ... The term budget deficit also referred to as budget balance appears regularly in news articles, policy documents by the government that usually warn of it being very undesirable (Eisner 1999). The budget deficit is usually blamed for several economic ills, such as high levels of inflation and discouragement of private investment (Eisner 1999). There is rarely any concrete proof produced for all these guilty assumptions. To add on to this, concerned parties pay very little attention to the objective measurement and interpretation of the budget deficit. The method of measurement of the budget balances also raises several conceptual and practical issues, which are compounded by the absence of uniformity in usage among many countries. For instance, one way of measuring the conventional budget balance is by cash basis. Another person may use the accrual/ payment order basis (Agenor and Montiel 1999). In the first instance, the balance will be the difference between fiscal revenue and total cash flow expenditure. For the second case, the balance will reflect accrued income and spending flows, regardless of whether they involve cash payments or not. The accumulation of arrears on revenue or payments is reflected by a higher balance when measured using the accrual basis as compared to the cash-based approach (Agenor and Montiel 1999). Definitions By definition, actual budget deficit is the difference between government revenues and government expenditure. Structural budget deficit is an estimation of what the government’s budget would be at full level of employment in the economy (Abedian and Biggs 1998). The cyclical budget deficit is defined as the component of

Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 12

Finance - Essay Example which often threaten businesses profitability due to unexpected cost, and if some businesses fail to comply with these regulations they faces penalties, and other stick regulatory problems and in short there is threat to their long term sustainability, so organization need to be serious while dealing with such regulatory issues, which are not often taken serious by most companies and at last faces huge financial liabilities Companies operating in Europe has entered into a new era of environmental risk management with regard to prevention and remedy of environmental damage as per a recent survey by Harvard Business Review Analytic services 60% of the companies are now concerned about the environmental risk and are serious about it, therefor lglo Group should conduct a complete study that this new investment should not bring such threats for which company may bear regulatory obligations that effect its profitability and bring long term sustainability of company into question, (sustainable, 2015) As for as long term business strategies are concerned lglo group need to be proactive regarding its strategic plans of either new installation or introduction of new ways power resources, that either all these activities have any environmental effect and if they have then are there any breach of regulation with regard to environmental regulation, because if such new changes affect these environmental regulations then it may harm companies long term sustainability. First of all in future it will reduce cost of production of lglo and other products also due low cost of power resource, hence it will affect production department costing, marginal cost of production reduces due to this low cost of production, so selling price would also be affected means marketing department would be affected, further external stake holders would also be affected like environmental agencies

Civil Rights vs Public Order Essay Example for Free

Civil Rights vs Public Order Essay Civil Rights means that people have the right to be treated no better or no worse than any other of their fellow citizens. It is the rights to personally liberty for everyone. Most importantly, it’s their freedom. Here in recent years, we have been giving up many of our civil rights in the name of public order. I’m going to present evidence to back up my opinion. Whereas I must first define what public order is. Public order is the idea that everyone in the public behaves themselves. It’s the lack of crimes being committed and everybody obeying the laws and rules. Public order itself means everything is safe and secure. This in itself is a great thing, but at what cost? My example would have to be 9/11 and the after effects of terrorist threats. Our nation was attacked by terrorists that had hijacked airplanes. Flights are grounded for a while after this event. Flights once again resume. Every so often, there is a threat of terrorism involving an airplane. To maintain public order in the airports and on the planes themselves, new rule about flying had to be implemented. Airport security now has the power to see inside of our clothing, they get can conduct the most invasive of searches, and can even pull you out at random for additional screening. In the wake of these events, many people have been outraged about all of the invasive procedures they need to undergo just to make a flight to see someone. This has also affected the sale of airline tickets, as a lot of people are no longer willing to put up with it in order to fly. Many civil rights taken away right there in the name of safety. My opinion on this matter is actually quite simple. I honestly believe things were better in a pre 9/11 world. Flying used to be such a great experience. Not only has security changed, but what you can and can’t take on board an airplane has as well. They want to pull out things as harmless as video games, cigarettes, and a bottle of water. Our society functions a lot better when it didn’t have to be constantly watched.

Nature of Communities Essay Example for Free

Nature of Communities Essay At the beginning of the 20th century there was much debate about the nature of communities. The driving question was whether the community was a self-organized system of co-occurring species or simply a haphazard collection of populations with minimal functional integration (Verhoef, 2010). Krebs (1972) described a community as an assemblage of populations of living organisms in a prescribed area or habitat. However, according to Wright (1984), the working definitions of community can be divided into two basic categories: organismic or individualistic. The organismic approach contends that communities have discrete boundaries and that the sum of the species in an area behaves as organism with both structure and function. In contrast, the individualistic concept regards communities as collections of species requiring similar environmental conditions (Wright, 1984). A)Organismic versus individualistic distribution Solomon (2005) stated that the nature of communities is discussed based on two traditional views which are Clements’s organismic model and Gleason’s individualistic model. The organismic model views community as a superorganism that goes through certain stages of development (succession) toward adulthood (climax). In this view, biological interactions are primarily responsible for species composition, and organisms are highly interdependent. In contrast, according to individualistic model, abiotic environmental factors are the primary determinants of species composition in a community, and organisms are largely interdependent on each other. According to organismic concept it is expected that an entire community or biome will respond as a unit and to relocate as climatic conditions change. Pleistocene biome migration in response to multiple glaciations, the accordian effect, is a classic example of this model (Wright, 1984). In contrast, Wright (1984) further explained that the individualist expects each species experiencing similar climatic changes to respond independently and thus, the community composition of an area to change via both immigration and emigration of some individual taxa while others remain in the area. Communities are not stable under this model but recognize in response to changing local conditions. According to Clements’ organismic hypothesis, species that typically occupy the same communities should always occur together. Thus, their distributions along the gradient would be clustered in discrete groups with sharp boundaries between groups (Russell et al., 2011). In the 1920s, ecologists; Frederic Clements and Henry A. Gleason developed two extreme hypotheses about the nature of ecological communities (Russell et al., 2011). Clements championed an interactive (organismic) view describing communities as â€Å"superorganism† assemblages of species bound together by complex population interactions. According to this view, each species in a community requires interactions with a set of ecologically different species, just as every cell in an organism requires services that other types of cells provide. In contrast, Gleason proposed an alternative, individualistic view of ecological communities. He believed that population interactions do not always determine species composition. Instead, a community is just an assemblage of species that are individually adapted to similar environmental conditions.According to Gleason’s hypothesis, communities do not achieve equilibrium; rather, they constantly change in response to disturbance and environmental variation. According to Gleason’s individualistic hypothesis, each species is distributed over the section of an environmental gradient to which it is adapted. Different species would have unique distributions, and species composition would change continuously along the gradient. In other words, communities would not be separated by sharp boundaries. B)Stochastic Versus Equilibrium Schools The stochastic school believes that most communities exist in a state of equilibrium, where competitive exclusion principle is prevented by periodic population reductions and environmental fluctuations (Crawley, 1997). More generally, stochastic effects can cause a population to shift from one type of dynamic behavior to another (Turchin, 2003). In addition, stochastic school maintains that physical and temporal factors are dominant influences of community composition. This view argues that species abundance varies and is largely determined by differential responses to unpredictable environmental changes (Levin, 2009). In contrast, the equilibrium explanations assume that community composition represents the stable outcome of interspecific interactions (set of species abundances reached when the rates of change in population is zero) and also assume that the community will return to an equilibrium after those populations are perturbed (Verhoef, 2010). For instance, the traditional equilibrium model assumes that the probability of an individual fish larva surviving to reproduce is limited in a density-dependent manner by the abundance of the adult fish. Alternatively, stochastic model predicts that recruitment to the adult phase is independent of the density of the adults (Chapman et al., 1999). Equilibrium model states that species richness is entirely determined by ongoing immigration and extinction (Kricher, 2011). Therefore, equilibrium model can be said to be deterministic process which is important in shaping community structure through competition and predation on native species over short temporal scales (Thorp et al., 2008). For example, Chapman et al., (1999), stated that coral reefs communities are at equilibrium showing precise resource partitioning in response to the competition between the various fish species. However, in contrast, the community may also be more susceptible to stochastic processes. For example, the number of fish species on coral reefs is kept high largely by stochastic processes. According to Naiman et al., (2001), stochastic processes are unpredictable and operate in a relatively density-independent fashion. This is the opposite of the traditional, equilibrium hypothesis which emphasizes density dependent competition between species.

William Christopher Handy :: essays research papers

William Christopher Handy Handy was an American black composer and compiler of "BLUES" music. He was born in Florence, Alabama. He was educated at the Negro Agricultural and Mechanical College near Huntsville, Alabama. He was the son of former slaves. He was educated in the public schools and by his father and paternal grandfather, both of whom were clergymen. Handy was the first to bring the African- American blues to the general publics attention with the publication of his MEMPHIS BLUES in 1912. He began his musical career as a cornet soloist and bandmaster with minstrel shows; one of his earislst engagements was with the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893. Handy also founded a music publishing house and edited and wrote several books , including the autobiographical Father of the Blues (1941). Originally, the blues were a type of black folk song little known beyond the southern United States. Handy's songs brought the blues to international attention. Handy's career was rooted in popular music. He began his career in 1896 as a minstrel show and vaudville corntist and bandleader and then became one of the first publishers of music by black composers. William Christopher Handy was born on Nov,16, 1873, in Florence, Ala, the son of former slaves . As a 15-year-old he left home to work in a traveling minstrel show, but he soon returned when his money ran out. He attended Teachers Agreicultural & Mechanical College in Huntsville, Alabama, and worked as a school teacher and bandmaster. In 1893, during an economic depression, he formed a quartet to perform at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. For several years afterward he drifted around the country working at different jobs. Eventually he settled in Memphas, Tenn. Although he lost his eyesight at age 30, after WW1 he conducted his own orchestra from 1903 intill 1921. His eyesight partially returned, but he became completely blind after a fall from a subway platform in 1943. Handy wrote music during the period of transition from ragtime to jazz. The music he had absorbed during his youth consisted of spirituals, work songs,

Religion in the World Today Essays -- Religious Religions Essays

Religion in the World Today Taking a look at world religion, we will look at different countries from different parts of the world; analyzing the different religious problems and human rights violations. The overall question that we propose is: is there a simple solution to these problems and what can be done about them? Throughout history, the lower class: those who are considered poor, minorities, and women, have been taken advantage of, denied their inalienable rights, and forced into unfavorable situations. Even in the United States within the last century, women have been denied the right to vote. Minorities, such as African Americans, were denied equal treatment. Blacks were legally obligated to separate themselves from places that were considered â€Å"white only.† Certain schools, restaurants, and other public places, were the locations for the cause of embarrassment and social inferiority. This discrimination and denial of inalienable rights, however, has not historically happened only in the United States. On the international level, many countries experience social animosity, specifically due to religious tensions. In Mexico and Central America, there is a long tradition of the non-cooperation of human rights, â€Å"human rights activism in these countries can be traced back to the first Indian freedom- fighters against Spanish rule, over five- hundred years ago.† (www.amnesty.org) Even during the past history of civil conflict in countries such as Guatemala and El Salvador, people have demonstrated for basic human rights and personal and religious freedoms. Among the religious conflicts between the nations and its people, there is also a long tradition of persecution of the autonomy of in... ...and Mexico: Human Rights defenders on the Line: Update.† 3/4/2003. http://web.amnesty.org/ai.nsf/Index/AMR020041996?OpenDocument&of=COUNTRIESEL+SALVADOR 10/12/1996 â€Å"Center for Reduction of Religious-based conflict.†3/3/2003 aps.naples.net/community/NFNWebpages/storyboard.cfm?StoryBoardNum=142&PageNum=140 â€Å"Defining human rights: The nature of Human Rights: Commonly Accepted Postulates.† 2/24/2003. www.britanica.com â€Å"Human Right Violations-It's Happening Now and Most People Don't know about it or Don't Want To Know About It, But People Are Suffering So A Few People at the Top Can Have A Lot More Money Than They Deserve.† 3/5/2003. http://hometown.aol.com/violin39/opinions/index.htm â€Å"United States Policies in Support of Religious Freedom: Focus on Christians.† 2/16/2003. http://www.state.gov/www/global/human_rights/970722_relig_rpt_christian.htm.

Benefits of Breastfeeding Essay -- Parenting Raising Children

Benefits of Breastfeeding Mother’s milk is the best food possible for the newborn baby. Breast milk works as an all in one nutritional supplement.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Breast milk works as a thirst quencher, medication, food supplement and for the mother it works as a weight loss program with no equal. Although, there are formulas that can be used for replacing breast milk, they do not have the same supplements as the natural milk from the mother. The American Academy of Pediatrics â€Å"†¦recommends that babies be breast-fed for six to 12 months. The only acceptable alternative to breast milk is infant formula.† (Williams, 1995). Breast milk is a perfect combination of nutrients and antibodies for an infant’s fast growing system. Breast milk is made up of fatty acids, water, lactose, and antibodies. The antibodies in breast milk help the baby fight off many illnesses within their environments as well as help them build their own immune systems. Without these antibodies babies tend to get sicker more often, and it can take the babies longer to recover from these illnesses. Since the food is coming directly from the breast rather then a bottle, there is less likely a chance of bacterial infection that can come from a bottle not having been properly sterilized. One of the great benefits of breastfeeding for mothers is the ability to loose the extra weight gained quicker. The mothers body uses alot of the stored food in the body and converts it to milk for the infant. Breastfeeding also hel...

A Culture of Respect

A Culture of Respect: How Can Leaders Create a Culture of Respect in an Industrial Organization? ORGL 506 Gonzaga University John Gergich ORGL 506 A1 Professor Barbara McLaughlin February 19th, 2012 Abstract This paper provides an overview of research surrounding the importance of creating a culture of respect within an industrial organization. The research identifies key definitions of respect as well as other principles interrelated to respect such as honesty, integrity and transparency. Drawing on the research, culture is defined by policies, procedures and behaviors of the individuals who make up the organization.The research also describes not only the keys necessary to developing an environment where respect and trust flourish, but how to sustain the gains in order to create a competitive advantage. When respect and trust are increased, productivity increases and cost is reduced. Conversely, when respect and trust are low, the speed at which things are accomplished is significa ntly slowed and costs begin to spiral out of control. Creating a Culture of Respect Respect is one of the values that we hear talked about a lot in organizations.Respect is a word that usually evokes a positive conversation in that most human beings feel that respect is important and valued. The problem has been that almost no one really thinks about or understands what it means to respect someone, create a culture of respect among people or for that matter what it means to be to be respected. We don’t generally normally think of respect as an action but as a feeling or judgment about other people. The purpose of this literature review is to give leaders, line managers, project managers and change agents practical assistance in creating a work environment where everyone feels valued and espected and where harassment and bullying are unacceptable. The guidance draws on information from a number of resources and research documents produced in recent years. Leaders who fail to t ackle discrimination, harassment and bullying pay a price. The cost to an organization can be measured in: †¢ lost time because staff are affected by stress and ill health †¢ lower engagement due to low morale †¢ reduced work output and quality of service †¢ lost resources due to trained and experienced people leaving the organization Organizations are complex systems with their own rules and cultures.The way that organizations manage people plays an important role in the creation of a culture that is either respectful or bullying towards its employees. An organization has to ensure that its systems and culture do not reward bullying behavior, but rather that such behavior will be discovered and challenged. Literature Review Defining Respect The word respect originates from the Latin â€Å"respectus† which means â€Å"to look† or â€Å"to look back†. The term can be distinguished as having something to do with observation.If the prefix  "re† implies â€Å"again†, then we have the concept of respect as meaning something like â€Å"looking again† (Selman, 2001). Respecting another means we are â€Å"looking† at the other person in a particular way. Although we may or may not agree with another’s worldview or perspective, we are open to listening and honoring their opinion. Conversely, disrespect conveys a behavior in which we are generally closed to certain possibilities and conversations with them. Although respect is just a word, what it means and what it distinguishes for us can make all the difference in how we observe ourselves and others.In the article Leadership and respect, the author suggests that while respect is a context for any relationship, we as individuals make the choice whether it is an expression of our commitment to effective relationships with others or whether it becomes part of a culture and worldview that separates and limits us. Stephen M. R. Covey suggests t hat the foundation of effective relationships is trust. While us as individuals may have positive intent, people judge others based on consistent behavior. The single biggest violation of trust is integrity.Covey asserts that integrity is of greater importance than honesty. Although honesty is crucial, integrity is made up of three other components: congruency, humility and courage (2006). It stands to reason that respect begins with leaders displaying an honorable character which is consistent in nature with the values and goals of the organization. If leaders simply pay â€Å"lip service† when people are watching, yet act in an inconsistent way in private, the foundation of trust has been damaged and it will be difficult at best to create an atmosphere of respect. How Respect is DevelopedCreating a culture of respect begins with a commitment to seeing everyone as worthy of respect. As previously suggested, while we don’t always have a choice about our automatic judgm ents and predispositions, we do have a choice about what our valuations mean and the weight we give to them in our day to day relationships (Selman, 2001). Covey describes building trust and respect within an organization as a cause and effect relationship. The author suggests that there are taxes and dividends companies can avoid and leverage in an attempt to develop a culture of respect (2006) (fig. 1. 1). Taxes |Dividends | |Redundancy |Increased Value | |Bureaucracy |Accelerated Growth | |Politics |Enhanced Innovation | |Disengagement |Improved Collaboration | |Turnover |Stronger Partnering | |Churn |Better Execution | |Fraud |Heightened Loyalty | Figure 1. 1 As organizations develop a culture of respect, standards and values have an impact on an employee’s perception as to what is acceptable behavior (Tehrani, 2001). Organizations going through this type of cultural transformation need to engage all pertinent stakeholders in the development process. This universal participation and buy-in dramatically increases the likelihood of success. How Respect is SustainedArmstrong International is a privately-owned mid-sized manufacturing corporation in Michigan which has been steadily growing even during the recession. In their 109 year existence they have never had a single layoff. According to the company’s fourth-generation Chief Executive, David Armstrong, the secret to their success is establishing a work culture based on respect (Earing, 2012). Specifically in an industrial organization, Armstrong believes the key to a successful manufacturing operation is one that focuses on building a culture based on core values, such as honesty and respect. â€Å"It all goes back to the golden rule—‘Do unto others as you would do to you. ’ Treat your employees with respect and courtesy, and communicate with them about what’s going on,† (para 12).Tehrani suggests that organizations need to practical and emotional suppo rt to people in conflict when issues arise (2001). Although an organization with a sustained level of respect is characterized as having an atmosphere of trust and dignity, it is equally important for leaders to be actively involved in being aware and diagnosing the signs and symptoms of bullying and harassment. Nancy R. Lockwood theorizes that workplace diversity is no longer just about anti-discrimination compliance, but also that it focuses on inclusion and the impact on the bottom line. Leveraging workplace diversity, and thus diversity of thought, is increasingly seen as a vital strategic resource for competitive advantage.More companies are linking workplace diversity to their strategic goals and objectives–and holding management accountable for results (2005). Thus, HR plays a key role in diversity management and leadership to create and empower an organizational culture that fosters a respectful, inclusive, knowledge-based environment where each employee has the oppor tunity to learn, grow and meaningfully contribute to the organization's success. Conclusion Organizations will never completely eradicate human beings from having judgments about themselves and others. However, as leaders we can establish an environment of respect and live by the principle of trust.Like all values, respect cannot be legislated or regulated into existence. It must be learned, coached and demonstrated by leaders throughout the organization. Respect, as has been distinguished, is the context for all relationships and can be created through commitment within every day interactions. Achieving a environment where all people are fully engaged and respected is a large undertaking that requires tremendous focus and leadership. It cannot be something you do on the corner of your desk or when you have time. You need to observe evidence that the behavior is evident and institutionalized within the organization. References Covey, S. M. R. (2006).The Speed of Trust. New York: Sim on & Schuster. Earing, A. (2012). Successful Manufacturing Starts With Respect. Retrieved January 28th, 2012 from http://www. impomag. com/scripts/ShowPR. asp? RID=11870=0 Lockwood, N. (2005). Workplace diversity: leveraging the power of difference for competitive advantage. Retrieved January 28th, 2012 from http://findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m3495/is_6_50/ai_n14702678/ Selman, J. (2001). Leadership and respect. Retrieved January 28th, 2012 from http://www. paracomm. com/articles/respect. html Tehrani, N. (2001). Building a culture of respect: managing bullying at work. London: Taylor & Francis. [pic]

Building Up Brand Awareness in a Social Media Context

Building up brand awareness in a social media context Tag: Social media, brand awareness, micro blog, weibo Nowadays, we live in an era of information and communication bloom, not just locally but also on a global basis, in which each of us venerably is exposed to enormous messages, news reports, commentaries and features from different kinds of medium. Moreover, we not just the passive passengers of the information turmoil, in fact we do proactively participate into the game and become part of what we called social media, which changes the way how we perceive and shape the world around us.There might be many definitions about social media, given the nature and broaden perspectives of it. According to ESOMAR (The European Society for Opinion and Market Research (ESOMAR), a global association for market, social and opinion researchers. ), social media is defined as â€Å"internet based platforms and technologies that permit users’ interaction and/or facilitate the creation and exchange of user generated content. † Whilst the scope is evolving, the following format is focused and discussed: * Multi-person/group communication and/or collaboration platforms (e. . Twitter) Note: arguably Sina. com might say Weibo is more than Twitter, but to make it simple we quote Weibo here is similar to twitter in some sense. * The urgency of connecting consume thru social media With the emerging of social media and the growing popularity across different regions, we can now keep in touch with each other all the time, share photos and messages simultaneously to thousands or millions, and it’s also allowed brands to interact much more closely to their consumers – you and me. Marketing in this way has forever been changed by social media.Marketers can engage with and influence existing and potential consumes through adverts or other format of effective communication tools specifically tailored to that type of person, all based on information the consumer has given out on a voluntary basis. Furthermore, if the instinctive nature of Social network is taken into the consideration which is the networking expansion down to different level, the brand messages received and responded by consumers would cast substantial influence over their peers in the network.One of the key and productive initiatives or requirements for a marketing manager is to increase the awareness that could lead to preference, purchasing motivation or even brand loyalty. With the feature of easy access, speedy and broaden coverage and most important of all, the lower cost of average reach, marketing manager is now equipped a new perspective to market a brand to thousands of consumer, increasing its public awareness through pages and helping to cement the brands image with regular updates, photos, articles and more. * The increasing outreach of social mediaSocial media witnesses its popularity or taking over around the globe in the past few years. Especially in China, a country with growing potential in internet usages and mobile internet, based on the statistics from <The 29th China Internet Development Statistics Report> from CNNIC, by the end of Year 2011, the number of internet user in China exceeds 500 million in which one-quarter of net users use microblog(Weibo). Basically, it’s hard to find someone not signed up to one social media page or another, and so it makes sense that companies have set up pages to market their products and services.The first step is to increase the brand awareness over this interactive platform. In short, social media has access to all. On the other hand, many brands in China also rush to build up their corporate microblog to have the first trials of interaction with consumers. According to the statics from Sina. com, till the end of Feb, 2012, totally more than 130,000 companies have set up the official weibo over Sina. com. Interesting thing is that among these companies, around half of them are co ming from the dinning, i. e. restaurant, cafe or dining outlets.Not surprisingly, when being asked in the survey about the intentions of stepping into the stage of launching the corporate weibo, 100% of these companies responded that the first priority is brand building, with PR and CRM on the second and the third places to follow respectively. * Interactive way of exchanging brand information flow When communicating the messages, some of the key distinctive features about social media include two-way dialogues, interactive creation and speedy response. In the past, marketing managers frequently use the pre-set messages that fit into different segment to target their consumers.Under these so-call old fashion ways of consumer communication, the messages are fixed and tailed made already, even the marketing managers could modify and even alter some fractions of the messages based on the judging of the change of the different situation. More importantly, this kind communication would b e mostly in one direction, regardless the feedback from the receiver. In one way, social media allows users to interact with people and companies like never before, while also acting as an outlet to channel information about people and their opinions.On the other hand, it enables consumers to talk directly to one another, which means, over the social media platform, the topic, the tone, the timing and the frequency of these conversations are now outside the marketing managers’ direct control. As a consequence, marketing managers of today must not just focus on the provision of the traditional messages, they should also understand the way of consumers speak of their mind to shape their discussions in such a way that it is consistent with the company’s strategy and communication paradigm.When marketing managers set up a page on a social media site and people begin to follow it, they can ask these followers their opinions on the company’s products and services. On the very first stage, the information that can be gathered on these topics is invaluable, as it is essentially market research with the real information. Social media is a good platform with the mixed but advanced technology and full scaled of media features that enable instantaneous, real-time communication and applies multi-media formats, such as audio and video mediums.All these, not just coming from local market anymore, it comes with global reach capabilities. An interesting fact reveals that so-called high carihighly educated All this information can easily be put to use in better marketing to customers, helping marketers appeal to their audience in much better ways than before. Promoting a positive image Any social media agency will tell you that keeping your brand image up on your social media page is crucial. Word spreads fast, even faster with social media, so when negative comments are posted about a particular brand on the page it can be swiftly tackled and the problem s orted.Better yet, all of this being public will show other potential customers how your brand deals with problems. Facing off negative comments is great, but don’t forget that positive messages will also be posted. Marketing to the target market Today and in the past, marketing has been done through publications, signs, television and radio adverts. The target markets for these adverts are broad to try and appeal to as many people as possible as easily as possible.While this is still effective, marketing through social media can be targeted towards a much more niche audience. Using the information that users post on their social media profiles, adverts can be made to target from either a broad range of people, all the way down to a specific group. This allows for a greater personalisation of adverts, appealing more towards people who’d ignore the normal adverts. At the opposite end of the scale, setting up adverts to easily avoid users that’d have no interest in the product or service is also possible.

Beowulf and the Tempest-Revenge

Revenge Many comparisons can be seen between Shakespeare’s novel The Tempest and the epic Beowulf. One of the strongest similarities is the idea of revenge. Shakespeare’s novel occurs basically in order for Prospero to have revenge on his enemies from usurping his dukedom. Beowulf’s original monster, Grendel, starts acting out less due to revenge and more out of pure frustration. His death though, causes his mother to act on revenge, killing one of Hrothgar’s trusted advisor, Aeschere, causing Beowulf to kill her for revenge. The dragon got mad about a stolen article and burned down Beowulf’s home in revenge, and so Beowulf went after him.Although they have different motives, both plots are caused greatly because of revenge. In The Tempest, Prospero’s brother, Antonio, with the help of his friends Sebastian and Alonso, took over Prospero’s dukedom. He was then sent to a deserted island with just his daughter Miranda for twelve years. T hroughout his time on the island, Prospero continued to delve into his magic books. Along with he gaining new knowledge, he attained a servant Caliban, and an indebted spirit, Ariel. For twelve long years on the empty land Prospero plotted his revenge, something that was made possible due to his newfound knowledge of magic.Finally the day came when his master plan was able to finally become reality. He made a huge storm come, tearing apart the boat that held Antonio, Sebastian, Alonso, his son Ferdinand, and a few others. Ferdinand got separated from the rest and wound up, not coincidently, finding Miranda and falling in love with her. Alonso became distraught thinking his beloved son was dead. Antonio and Sebastian began to plot the death of Alonso. Finally as the novel came to an end, Prospero sent Ariel as a harpy to frighten his brother and the two other men and tell them all they have done wrong. They then were brought to Prospero.Alonso became very apologetic, while Antonio an d Sebastian remained uncaring of what they had done. Their fate rested in Prospero’s hands. This was the plan Prospero had perfected all those years, the perfect revenge plot. At that moment he had all his enemies gathered around him. He could’ve killed them or banished them to a foreign land, but he did not. He said, â€Å"The rarer action is in virtue than in vengeance. They being penitent, the sole drift of my purpose doth extend not a frown further. Go release them, Ariel. My charms I’ll break, their senses I’ll restore, and they shall be themselves. (The Tempest, Act 5, Scene 1, 28-33) He had gotten his revenge, they were sorry, and he was content. Beowulf, though, did not start out like this. The monster Grendel was a descendant of Cain. He was forced to roam the Earth an outcast due to his ancestor killing his brother Abel for no apparent reason. He heard celebration going on in Heorot and got mad. He hated happiness and noise and celebration beca use he hated the hand he was dealt in life. So as revenge for his own hated life, he decided to wreck the party and make others miserable like himself.He continued to do so for a while, scaring all the Danes, even the most powerful. Finally a brave warrior, Beowulf, came from Geatland. He went to fight with Grendel using no protective gear at all. He managed to kill the ravaging beast. The Danes thought this was finally the end of the disaster that they had been hoping for. But it was not. Grendel’s mother was furious with Beowulf for killing her son. She was willing to die in order to avenge her son’s murder. She started to attack everyone. On her rampage in Heorot, she killed Aeschere, King Hrothgar’s most trusted advisor.The entire kingdom was furious, demanding the death of this horrible monster. Beowulf states to the king â€Å"Sorrow not, wise warrior. It is better for a man to avenge his friend than much mourn. Each of us must await his end of the worldà ¢â‚¬â„¢s life. Let him who may get glory before death: that is best for the warrior after he has gone from life† (Beowulf 45). He is saying rather than mourning over Aeschere’s death, he should just avenge it. So the brave Beowulf once again came to the rescue. She lived under water so that was where he fought her and the place where she met her bitter end. Beowulf’s final battle was also due to revenge.The dragon had a valuable cup that had gone missing from the treasures. He was furious and ransacked the entire country, including burning down Beowulf’s house. Therefore Beowulf went after the dragon to avenge his lost home. This was his final battle, the fight where he lost his life. Although revenge is a major theme in both The Tempest and Beowulf, their reasons for revenge are very different. Prospero wants revenge in order to get his life back. He was thrown out of his dukedom and onto a deserted island. He wanted his enemies to feel remorse and to gai n back his dukedom and that was all.In Beowulf it was very different. Everyone wanted revenge because they were upset and wanted to hurt the nemesis. Grendel was upset with his lineage so he wanted to stop all happiness so he attacked Heorot. Grendel’s mother wanted to avenge her son’s murder so she too destroyed Heorot, including killing Aeschere. Beowulf and all the Danes wanted to avenge Aeschere’s murder so he killed Grendel’s mother. The dragon wanted his treasure back so he raided the country, and Beowulf got angry and attacked the dragon. Prospero just wanted remorse and he was happy. The characters in Beowulf wanted revenge and payback.

Grandmas Passing essays

Grandmas Passing essays Grandma was a frail older woman, in her early 70s, and of small stature. Her skin was of a light brown complexion, wrinkled and ashy. When I sat on her knee, her brittle hands would always gently wrap around my waist. I would kiss her on her cheek, which was always cold for some reason. Grandma always wore dark blue dresses that came down to her ankles and an old pair of black dress shoes everywhere. You know, the ones with no heels that appear as if they are slippers. She was old fashioned, and didnt hesitate to instruct my dad to switch me if I stepped out of line. Grandma was soft-spoken, but firm; I never back-talked her for fear of the painful consequences my dad would inflict on my legs. I remember one time I had acted up; oh I paid for that one. It had just rained, saturating the earth in the back yard beyond capacity. Mud puddles were everywhere; they were enormous filled with dirty grimy water. These mud puddles were everything a kid could dream of; they were irresistible. My cousins and I jumped, stomped, splashed, and rolled in the mud puddles; we had a great time. My grandma had told us kids not to track mud through the house, but I was having too much fun with my cousins to take her seriously. We were chasing each other, and I ran into the house with the mud still caked all over my body. My grandma caught a glimpse of me dashing through the living room when she bellowed for my father. Grandma told him that she had warned me to not track mud through the house, but I had done it anyway. My father came, took one look at the carpet, and instructed me to retrieve the switch. I did as ordered, and subsequently was beaten for my insolence. I had red whelps all over my legs; I never tracked mud through the house again. Mother summoned for Janelle and I to come to her room; from the sound of her voice, we felt she was distressed about something. As we entered her bedroom, we discovered she ...

Qubecs quiet revolution essays

Qubecs quiet revolution essays Quebec's Quiet revolution: What is it? How has it changed Quebec's society? How has it affected Confederation? The English-French relations have not always been easy. Each is always arguing and accusing the other of wrong doings. All this hatred and differences started in the past, and this Quiet revolution, right after a new Liberal government led by Jean Lesage came in 1960. Thus was the beginning of the Quiet Revolution. Lesage had an excellent team of cabinet ministers which included Rene Levesque. The Liberals promised to do two things during the Quiet Revolution; one was to improve economic and social standards for the people of Quebec, and the other was to win greater respect and recognition for all the French people of Canada. The Liberals started a program to take control of hydro-electric power companies. French-Canadian engineers from all over Canada returned to Quebec to work on the project. Slogans during these times were "we can do it" and "masters in our own homes". The government also started to replace programs the Church previously ran, which included hospital insurance, pension schemes and the beginning of Medi-Care. For these programs, the Quebec Liberals had to struggle with Ottawa for a larger share of the tax dollars. One of the greatest reforms was the modernization of the entire school system. The Church used to own the schools of Quebec. Most of the teachers were Priests, Nuns and Brothers. They provided a good education but Quebec needed more in business and technology. Lesage wanted a government-run school system that would provide Quebec with people in engineering, science, business and commerce. With the new freedom of expression, lots of books, plays and music about French culture were all developed in Quebec. French contemporary playwrights were very famous during that time. However, not all was going well in Quebec. The French-English relation was going bad. Many studies showed that French-C...

Short Story Reflection Essays

Short Story Reflection Essays Short Story Reflection Paper Short Story Reflection Paper Short Story Reflection Jennifer ENG125:Intro to Literature Instructor McGrath 11/28/2011 All stories come together by a solid idea. The idea behind a story is known as a theme. When looking at a theme, you must go beyond the title and critically think to acknowledge key terms and symbols within the narrative you are reading. The theme in â€Å"Little Red Riding Hood† is a prime example of how readers have to critically think and acknowledge the symbolism of the story. When â€Å"looking beyond the plot† of Little Red Riding Hood, the story is more adult oriented than child oriented, and it is fascinating that it has remained popular for so many years. Within the theme there is symbolism such as the red cape for Little Red Riding Hood. Red is also known as â€Å"passion or danger. † This symbol shows that the author was considering Little Red Riding Hood to be in danger within her relationship to the wolf. The wolf wanted more from her than just her homemade cakes (Clugston 2010). All fictional works have a plot. A plot consists of five outlined situations within a narrative which are: exposition, complication or rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution. In â€Å"Little Red Riding Hood† the exposition would be explaining the setting and characters, the woods, as well as, Little Red Riding Hood and the Wolf. The complication or â€Å"conflict,† is when the Wolf is not getting what he wants out of Little Red Riding Hood. The climax is when the Wolf eats the grandma and pretends to be her as when Little Red Riding Hood gets to her home. The falling action would be when Little Red Riding Hood makes statements such as â€Å"what big eyes you have. † The resolution is when the Wolf finally gets what he wants from Little Red Riding Hood (Clugston 2010). Tone is considered to be the attitude expressed throughout an author’s work. In Little Red Riding Hood on the surface you see a sense of innocence but when you read more you feel the danger within the tone change when the Wolf is present. The tone also expresses verbal irony because the Wolf is disguised as the grandma and Little Red Riding Hood doesn’t feel as she is in danger. A narrative theme is contextually broad, with readers looking into a story at different angles. By providing narrative elements the reader narrows into the author’s perception of the story. The symbols narrow in on where the story is taking the reader. Symbols can come through colors, animals, nature, etc. The symbol in Little Red Riding Hood was her Red Cape. The plot shows the reader that a narrative is like a pie cut into five pieces. The plot keeps the story flowing and grasps the reader’s attention by allowing an introduction, a predicament, climax, falling action, and a conclusion. The tone catches the authors’ attitude towards the story line. At times the tone is easy to catch, and others you have to dig deep for it, because it can be contradictory. As readers we should respect the author enough to walk into their world of critical thinking. By reflecting on the theme and literary elements of a narrative the reader can better relate to the authors’ true message. References Clugston, R. W. (2010). Journey into literature. San Diego, California: Bridgepoint Education, Inc. https://content. ashford. edu/books Lombardi, E. (2010). How to become a critical thinker. Retrieved from http://classiclit. about. com/od/forstudents/ht/aa_criticalread. htm Milhauser, S. (2008, October 3). The ambition of the short story. The New York Times. Retrieved from nytimes. com/2008/10/05/books/review/Millhauser-t. html? _r=2

Pre-Bid Joint Venture Agreement Essay Example

Pre Pre-Bid Joint Venture Agreement Essay Pre-Bid Joint Venture Agreement Essay PRE-BIDDING JOINT VENTURE AGREEMENTbetweenCompany AandCompany Bin respect ofCONSTRUCTION PROJECTTHE PRE-BIDDING JOINT VENTURE AGREEMENTThis Pre Bidding Joint Venture Agreement (â€Å"The Agreement†) entered into as of this _________ day of ________________, 20___ (being the actual date on which the Agreement will be signed) by and between: (A) Company A with their office at ___________ (hereinafter called â€Å"Party A†) of the one part(B) Company B with their office at _________________ (together with its successors and assignees hereinafter called â€Å"Party B†), of the other part Both parties shall be jointly referred to as the â€Å"Parties†.WITNESSETH:Whereas the parties hereto desire to submit a joint bid to _____________(hereinafter referred to as the Owner), for the construction of ________________(herein called the Work).WHEREAS, the parties each hereby certify and represent to each other their ability to provide their respective share of bonding capacity, finances, personnel, equipment and supervision to complete the work in the event they are the successful bidder and to sustain and pay for any losses that may be incurred;NOW THEREFORE, it is hereby agreed between the parties hereto as follows:1. They will jointly prepare a bid to be submitted to the Owner for a contract for the Work.2. The bid shall be submitted in the names of the undersigned as joint venturers and should a contract for said Work be obtained as a result of such bid, such contract shall be taken in the names of the undersigned, as joint venturers, or in such other name as may be agreed upon by the undersigned with the consent and approval of the Owner.3. Each and every obligation created by any such bid or contract shall be the joint and several obligation of the undersigned.4. The interest of the undersigned in any such contract, if obtained, and in the Work shall be

Mtv vs. nonconformity essays

Mtv vs. nonconformity essays MTV is gradually robbing the youth of their personality. MTV is currently the leading authority on whats cool and whats not. In this essay I will discuss how MTV influences American youth and how Ralf Waldo Emerson might have agreed with the views expressed here within. MTV stands for Music Tele-Vision but has less to do with music then its name suggests. MTV is a corporate roll model. Emerson would agree that MTV preaches conformity through content. All of the people that appear to be normal are selected very carefully and must adhere to what the most recent definition of cool is. MTV celebrates the individual and then turns around and celebrates anyone that can be similar. MTV has perfected the technique of using ones weakness to his advantage, by finding ways to profit from their own hypocrisy. When a musician crosses into stardom, MTV immediately glamorizes whatever new or unique look or style, the artist developed and markets it to the youth as acceptable or cool. Incase of any doubt, the network has set up reality shows involving normal people (just like you?) who are wearing, acting, or displaying the product or belief that MTV wants to sell, therefor reinforcing the idea as mainstream cool. "For nonconformity the world whips you with its displeasure" Emerson so truthfully states in his essay Self-Reliance. The youth today is very concerned with ima ge, and they have experienced acceptance when they trust the views and style that MTV dictates as cool. People often judge others based upon their appearance or opinion, and if one has an average or accepted appearance or opinion, than the majority will accept them. This is comforting to youth that are not really sure who they are yet, and whether or not people (especially the opposite sex) will like them. The youth have forfeited their individuality for the ...

Grounded Theory -- Definition and Overview in Sociology

Grounded Theory Definition and Overview in Sociology Grounded theory is a research methodology that results in the production of a theory that explains patterns in data, and that predicts what social scientists might expect to find in similar data sets. When practicing this popular social science method, a researcher begins with a set of data, either quantitative or qualitative, then identifies patterns, trends, and relationships among the data. Based on these, the researcher constructs a theory that is grounded in the data itself. This research method differs from the traditional approach to science, which begins with a theory and the seeks to test it through the scientific method. As such, grounded theory can be described as an inductive method, or a form of inductive reasoning. Sociologists  Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss popularized this method in the 1960s, which they and many others considered an antidote to the popularity of deductive theory, which is often speculative in nature, seemingly disconnected from the realities of social life, and may, in fact, go untested. In contrast, the grounded theory method produces a theory that is based on scientific research. (To learn more, see Glaser and Strausss 1967 book,  The Discovery of Grounded Theory.) Grounded Theory Grounded theory allows researchers to be scientific and creative at the same time, as long as the researchers follow these guidelines: Periodically step back and ask questions.  The researcher needs to step back once in a while and ask the following questions: What is going on here? Does what I think I see fit the reality of the data? Data does not lie, so the researcher needs to make sure their own ideas about what is happening matches what the data is telling them, or the researcher may need to alter their idea of what is going on.Maintain an attitude of skepticism.  All theoretical explanations, hypotheses, and questions about the data should be regarded as preliminary, whether they come from the literature, experience, or making comparisons. They should always be checked out against the data and never accepted as fact.Follow the research procedures.  Research procedures (data collection, analysis, etc.) are designed to give precision and accuracy to a study. They also help the researcher break through biases and lead him or her to examine some of his or her assumptions that might otherwise be unrealistic. Therefore, it is important that the correct research procedures are followed so that an accurate conclusion is reached. With these principles in mind, a researcher can construct a grounded theory in eight basic steps. Pick a research area, topic, or population of interest, and form one or more research questions about it.Collect data using a scientific method.Look for patterns, themes, trends, and relationships among the data in a process called open coding.Begin to construct your theory by writing theoretical memos about the codes that emerge from your data, and the relationships among codes.Based on what you have discovered so far, focus on the most relevant codes and review your data with them in mind in a process of selective coding. Conduct more research to gather more data for the selected codes as needed.Review and organize your memos to allow the data and your observations of them to shape an emergent theory.Review related theories and research and figure out how your new theory fits within it.Write your theory and publish it. Updated  by Nicki Lisa Cole, Ph.D.

Interpretation of Martin Luther King's Letter from Jail Essay

Interpretation of Martin Luther King's Letter from Jail - Essay Example The central ideas of the letter: love and justice, can be seen from the first lines of Martin Luther King’s letter. He tries to disapprove accusation of not being a Birmingham insider. Martin Luther King claims that he had an invitation to Birmingham and had managerial ties as the Southern Christian Leadership Conference’s president. In addition, he did not consider himself as Birmingham outsider because of the fact that everyone who live within the territorial boundaries of the United States of America could not be referred to as outsiders. This justifies the justice and love idea of Martin Luther King’s letter. Martin Luther King’s letter focuses on nonviolent resistant defense to racism; Martin Luther King argues in the letter that people have a moral responsibility to resist unjust laws. This shows the commitment of Martin Luther King to advocate love and justice to the people of America. The letter though experienced an early setback; it enjoyed a bro ad publication and was considered the major text for the civil rights movement in the United States in the early 1960s. Martin Luther King responded through his letter to the call for unity and acted as a declaration to fight racial inequality. This again supports the thesis of this paper: the significance of love and justice in using appeals to logic, emotion and ethics. The "Letter from Birmingham Jail" by Martin Luther King literary puts into terms his life thesis statement. Martin Luther King illustrated meticulously his reasoning through the use of appeals to emotion, logic, and ethics. A logical appeal is that which utilizes facts, reason and documented evidence to drive a point. Martin Luther King makes in his letter a logical appeal where he responds to being referred to as an extremist. King does this by asserting that majority of historical figures that are today considered heroes were perceived as extremist in their time. Martin Luther King mentions people like Thomas Jef ferson, Apostle Paul, Jesus Christ and Abraham Lincoln (549). In this particular aspect, King uses facts and reason to put across a logical appeal to the reader: if he is considered an extremist because of campaigning for freedom, then all the other people are extremists as well. Martin Luther King cites an illustration of this by pointing out the manner in which the police at Birmingham mistreated the protesters (522). Although he does not in particular cite a source, the event was publicized widely. Martin Luther King uses evidence to invalidate the accusations by the clergymen. He also uses firsthand accounts in illustrating his points. King talks about the way he expected the white religious leaders to provide aid, but found opposition and reluctance instead (550). Martin Luther King states his arguments through providing firsthand account of his real experience. This however relies on the perception of the writer in order to be useful. Credibility is needed for this reason. In order to obtain credibility, explanations as to why things are done in a particular way must be given. Martin Luther King begins his letter by informing readers that he is writing the letter (540-541). Informing readers the reason for particular writings gives the readers insight to the real meaning of

Divorce and the Issue of Reforms Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Divorce and the Issue of Reforms - Essay Example ich represents the most novel policy departure for it explicitly rejects long accepted wisdom that the divorce process can only bury and not save marriages. However, the marriage preserving effectiveness of these twin divorce reforms is limited by the fact that the marriage support interventions occur only after significant deterioration in the quality of the marital relationship has already taken place. In other words, the policies are reactive rather than preventive. An example of the latter approach is to use the school curriculum to teach appropriate communication and parenting skills that strengthen (future) marriages and make them more robust to unexpected shocks. This principle has been implemented in Florida's Marriage Preparation and Preservation Act of 1998 which will be discussed after outlining and evaluating both Louisiana's covenant marriage legislation and the English Family Law Act in greater detail. The key point is not that the couple will know more about their future lives, though there may well be some information acquisition, but that the future consequences of marital dissolution become more salient and less remote in their minds and decision making. Given evidence that many couples subsequently regret divorce, the effect may be marriage preserving. (Becker, 1988, 2) Conclusions At first blush, recent divorce reforms in the United States and England and Wales appear to be adopting different trajectories. The greatest social costs of divorce are usually incurred by children, especially when the divorce process is bitter and acrimonious. In an attempt to minimize unnecessary hostility, the Family Law Act places stress on the role of mediation rather than litigation in resolving disputes over asset division and child custody. However, evidence... The researcher of this essay was aimed to discuss the issues and the history of divorce as well as the reforms, that are related to it. Historically, family law either imposed a prohibition on divorce or adopted a fault approach in which divorce is only permitted on specific and restricted grounds such as adultery and desertion. Under fault, the presumption is that one spouse is guilty of a matrimonial offence which is responsible for the failure of the marriage and the law makes provision for its dissolution by the innocent party in adversarial court proceedings. The greatest social costs of divorce are usually incurred by children, especially when the divorce process is bitter and acrimonious. In an attempt to minimize unnecessary hostility, the Family Law Act places stress on the role of mediation in resolving disputes over asset division and child custody. However, evidence from the US suggests that divorce education which functions to equip parents with communication skills and reduces the exposure of children to conflict may be more effective in ameliorating some of the negative effects of divorce on the life chances of children. In summary, there is a hesitant trend in recent initiatives in family law to recognize that a good marriage and a good divorce both require mastery of basic relationship skills. It is concluded that better in the long run is to adopt a preventive rather than a reactive approach which teaches personal communication skills as an integral component of the school curriculum.

Art and Morality Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Art and Morality - Movie Review Example Artists are the ones who have to normally face the brunt of this censorship. Whether you consider the criminal obscenity charges against the rap group for the album 2 Live Crew in the 80s or the fatwa issued to kill Salman Rushdie for his book Satanic Verses – artists have always been persecuted for bringing out work which goes against ‘ethos’ of society. (Greenwood) This chant for censorship is not limited to Islamic countries or third world countries which are not considered ‘mature’ enough but extends to the self proclaimed champions of free speech – USA and the Western Europe. From the Comstock Law of 1873 to the 1996 Communications Decency Act; the developed world is full of laws which stifle artistic freedom. (Caso) The question which arises is this – should we allow censorship of controversial art which shows murder, explicit sexual scenes or offends religious sensibilities? The answer is a big NO. The reason is very simple. Censo rship is like a wild poisonous snake – you cannot control whom it will bite. Once power is given to the government to ban someone else; it may turn it head and ban something you like too. The most frequent target of censorship is sexually explicit art forms. Hundreds and thousands of books have been banned all across the world for their sexual content. Some books may be sexually explicit; however sexual content is usually an excuse for the ban. One example which comes to mind for such excuse is the ban of Grapes of Wrath. (Wartzman) Grapes of wrath is a much celebrated and controversial book which was releases in 1939. As a work of art; this book is exemplary which went on to win The National Book award, the Pulitzer Prize and the Nobel Prize in 1962.It is set during the Great depression and focuses’ on the hardships faced by families during the period. However the book was opposed vehemently by groups of big landowners who were opponents of organized labor. Explicit s exual content was used as an excuse to ban the book at that time from schools. The example of Grapes of Wrath is given here to show how sexuality can be used as an excuse to ban books whose main content is nowhere related to sexuality. Thus obscenity can easily be used as a vehicle by the government or powerful pressure groups to ban books or ideas to which they are opposed .Pornography and sexually explicit material is completely relative. What might be sexually offensive to one person may be normal for other person. We might find it amusing and childish that many Islamic countries ban films which show lip kissing but the same argument can be used for that art forms which majority of Americans find sexually explicit. These famous lines by Justice John Marshall sums up the futility of trying to define obscenity – â€Å"one man’s vulgarity is other’s lyrics!†Not only obscenity but even pornography has no legal definition. Some may consider a little skin sh ow as pornography where as others may consider it as the requirement of the film. In the absence of a formal definition we are left to the whims and fancies of certain individuals who are given the right to decide right and wrong. Laws are those which can be objectively applied, not something which requires subjective treatment. â€Å"Concerning the Gods I am not able to know either that they do exist or that they do not exist.†- The treaties of Protagoras. (Schiappa) Most of us this day will not find the above line offensive as atheists are now an acceptable part of the society. Some openly

Product description and feature benefit Analysis Essay

Product description and feature benefit Analysis - Essay Example Interchanging the pendants is easy and quick for the users. The jewels contain the ornamental caps that are designed with uncomplicated functional shapes that allow possible attachments of different designs of less expensive pieces of ornaments. In all the interchangeable jewels, the original ornament contains a cover piece used to protect the attached portion used as a decorative material (Kameleon, 2013). This gives the user a taste of different jewels everyday with minimal modifications. The accessories used for the interchangeable jewels are easy and cheap to produce. Therefore, they are readily available in jewel shops with customer-friendly prices. The key design elements found in the interchangeable jewels are the decorative caps, the protective cover and the magnetic piece used to secure the accessory ornament. The inclusion of these aspects ensures that the jewels are in line with fashion and provides jewel lovers with cheap alternatives for variety. This design also makes the jewels unique because of the interchangeability that creates a new look (Kameleon, 2013). Therefore, an individual can also add to the collection of the interchangeable pendants and increase the jewels selection. As a result, the customer can stay in fashion by wearing different jewels everyday and save money. This is done through buying a single necklace or earring and interchanging the pendants to create

Constitutional Amendment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Constitutional Amendment - Essay Example Though America was built by immigrants and is billed as the ‘land of opportunity,’ there is one job opportunity that is not open to foreigners, or those born to U.S. citizens who happen to be traveling at the time of their birth. The office of the presidency is available to natural-born citizens. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prevents discrimination in the hiring process but the top job in the White House is the one exception, hardly a shining example for a country that prides itself on diversity and tolerance and backs this concept with legislation meant to ensure these values are made into law. The provision in the Constitution is outdated and should be amended. According to the United States Constitution, Article II Section I, â€Å"no person except a natural born citizen, or a citizen of the United States, at the time of the adoption of this Constitution shall be eligible to the office of President† (United States Constitution). This phrase means that persons who are not born in the U.S., whether they were adopted as a small infant by American parents or are a child of Americans but born outside the country are ineligible for the presidency. Many people believe that this is patently unfair and should be changed by amending the Constitution. The first of many arguments for such an amendment is located in the phrase in question, ‘at the time of the adoption of this Constitution.’ This implies that though the Founding Fathers believed it to be a good idea at the time, they did not intend for this clause to never be amended. During the decade of the 1990’s, American parents adopted approximately 100,000 children who were born in countries outside the U.S. This foreign adoption trend is rising because the U.S. is a very wealthy nation proportionate to many other regions of the world and adoption has become an increasingly acceptable method by which to

Paper 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Paper 2 - Essay Example He argues that good performance profiles should define success and thus meeting the minimum requirements (Uttaro, Paras 2-3). Management position also requires a good performance profile, which removes non-fact based opinions. It is wise to avoid personal bias by using performance profiles to be aware of characters that have been proven by scientists to make employees satisfied. The other thing is by staying current. Good performance profiles are made by using recent performance of your employees. Taking note of current performance of employees is a good tool when developing performance profiles. The other important aspect is developing performance profile that maximizes odds. Making use of performance profiles enables one easily to hire people who will be productive and stay longer in your firm (Uttaro, Paras. 4- 6). After school, accountancy will be the career of choice. The job requires knowledge in preparing financial statements. It also requires a commitment, speed, and accuracy, and you need to have computer skills especially in Microsoft Excel. The best performance profile for the accounting job that will lead to effective performance can be seen below. First is to prepare a comprehensive plan to achieve accounting objectives with a distinct period that you want to accomplish. Secondly, one should conduct a comprehensive operational review. Work with other financial accountants and assess all aspects of the company’s operating performance. Develop a plan of action to deal with each of the issues. The other thing is to address operational issues. If the company is under- performing, you need have a group of people to execute the task and solve pertinent issues. Another thing is to evaluate the financial strength of the company. You need to review all the historical financial data, bu dgets, and forecasts. Evaluate critical areas of concern and determine new ways to improve performance (Uttaro, Para 8). Considering the

Marketing as a Business Orientation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Marketing as a Business Orientation - Assignment Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that the marketing concept says that a company must deliver and promote its product in the market before the competitor does. There is the force on the promotion of the product, which means that the customer should know each and everything about the product. The value creation of the product in the minds of the customers is very important. In order to make a good perception in the minds of the customers, the marketing managers should study the market well. They can promote their product well if the market and the customers are relevant. In this way, the resources of the company will not be wasted. The marketing managers should focus on the customer’s requirements, needs, and demands. In this way, it will be easy for the company to manufacture those products, which meet the demands of the target market. When the company fulfills the demands of the customers then they will be more satisfying form the company [products and thus they will be loyal to the company. Another one is the production concept in the list of marketing management orientations. It is the oldest concept of massive production without caring for the demands and requirements of the market. The main thinking beyond the production concept was that the consumers always prefer a low price and an easily accessible availability of the product. For this reason, the companies always focus on the massive and bulk production in order to save their productions costs. When they save their productions costs, then it means that they can sell their product at a cheaper rate as compared to the other competitor in the market. In order to implement this production concept, there is s high requirement of the production facility and its maximum efficiency. This type of production concept is usually used in the countries where the consumers are not concerned about the choices and preferences rather they just need a simple product, which can meet the basic needs. These k inds of customers are usually focusing on the availability of the product rather than the features of the product.

Case reading 'Power as Domination' Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reading 'Power as Domination' - Case Study Example This essay aims to provide more insight on the communication practices that were employed by TWA to dominate Ozark airlines employees, during and after the acquisition of the airline back in 1986. Primarily it is imperative to acknowledge the fact that effective communication plays a significant role in ensuring that an acquisition accomplishes the expected results. Overtime, surveys have pointed towards the fact that organizations that have embraced effective communication in the course of and after acquiring other businesses have often realized their objectives and stayed in the market for a considerable duration. On the other hand, those that have failed to embrace effective communication have always ended up with failed ventures. Taking the TWA acquisition of Ozark airlines for example, there is no doubt that during the acquisition process, there was bad blood between Ozark and TWA employees, this resulted in tension and created an inefficient environment in which the employees could not bring the best out of themselves (Tamyra et.al 17-21). At the beginning of the venture, there was less employee satisfaction. Employee commitment was similarly lacking from the Ozark empl oyees and the perception of them staying with the organization for a considerable duration of time was similarly lacking. Nevertheless, the management of TWA did not despair, they came up with structures of power and embraced effective communication and these practices played a significant role in the acquisition being a success. To dominate Ozark airlines employees, the TWA management team resorted to being clear in the course of all their communications. This is to imply that they took into account the perspectives held by employees of Ozark airlines. This was achieved by reducing the technical terms in their communication, implying that they employed the use of

Promotional Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Promotional Strategy - Essay Example In order to maximize sales volume and reach as many customers as possible, the company will aim to use more of a ‘pull’ promotional strategy (Lamb, Hair & McDaniel, 2008), in tandem with the ‘push’ strategy which will be more subtle. The aim is to entice the end users to pull the EJ’s Innovation and More product from the manufacturer or the distributor into their homes. Sales promotion in the first phase of the campaign will be extensive but will be monitored closely. As this represents a cost that can be controlled, if the response of the customers is more than expected in certain cities or areas, sales promotions will be curtailed in those regions.  Pull Strategy With this strategy, the company is hoping to reach a massive audience, as has been defined previously. Strategies will include heavy television, radio, print, online and billboard advertising, especially in the major cities all over the U.S. The special features of EJ’s Innovations and More laptops and PCs such as touch-screen would be very creatively, yet simply, advertised to the customers. Special contests would be advertised online and in print which would allow every ten thousandth customer to get a lap top or PC with any five additional features of his choice. Similar tactics will continue throughout the campaign to attract new customers to the product. The company has plans to invest in trade advertising and incentives to encourage support businesses to push the new range of laptops

Supreme Court Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Supreme Court - Essay Example The aim of this order which was named the Civilian exclusion order 34 of the US army was executed as a way to prevent these American-Japanese from committing espionage during the war time. Korematsu who is the plaintiff saw the execution of the order as being unconstitutional and being in violation of the Fifth Amendment. He therefore refused to move and was arrested and convicted. The case eventually reached the Supreme Court which ruled strongly in favor of the presidential executive order insisting that the rights of the plaintiff were minimal and hence of no significant compared to the Americans in general (Alonso 52). The issue that was being resolved by the Supreme Court was on whether to affirm or duly dismiss the conviction order of Korematsu based on violation of his constitutional rights and Fifth Amendment which were being violated. The decision of the court which was delivered by Justice Black and which had a 6-3 decision was the affirmation of the conviction order for Korematsu where it sided with the government about its national security and prevention of espionage. The reasoning of the court was not based on the constitutionality of the presidential executive order, the racial segregation or even the loyalty of the petitioner to the United States. It rather looked at the bigger picture which in this case was the safety of the citizens of the United States from espionage and further attacks from the Japanese. The court supported the government on this ruling as the people in the United States who were the majority compared to those who were American-Japanese needed protection from war and the negatives effects that accompanied war. The government had no certainty of the number of Japanese who were disloyal to the United States and loyal to the government of Japan and who could therefore aid their country in the war through trading secrets about the national defense. The military in charge of the exercise concluded

Marketing as a Business Orientation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Marketing as a Business Orientation - Assignment Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that the marketing concept says that a company must deliver and promote its product in the market before the competitor does. There is the force on the promotion of the product, which means that the customer should know each and everything about the product. The value creation of the product in the minds of the customers is very important. In order to make a good perception in the minds of the customers, the marketing managers should study the market well. They can promote their product well if the market and the customers are relevant. In this way, the resources of the company will not be wasted. The marketing managers should focus on the customer’s requirements, needs, and demands. In this way, it will be easy for the company to manufacture those products, which meet the demands of the target market. When the company fulfills the demands of the customers then they will be more satisfying form the company [products and thus they will be loyal to the company. Another one is the production concept in the list of marketing management orientations. It is the oldest concept of massive production without caring for the demands and requirements of the market. The main thinking beyond the production concept was that the consumers always prefer a low price and an easily accessible availability of the product. For this reason, the companies always focus on the massive and bulk production in order to save their productions costs. When they save their productions costs, then it means that they can sell their product at a cheaper rate as compared to the other competitor in the market. In order to implement this production concept, there is s high requirement of the production facility and its maximum efficiency. This type of production concept is usually used in the countries where the consumers are not concerned about the choices and preferences rather they just need a simple product, which can meet the basic needs. These k inds of customers are usually focusing on the availability of the product rather than the features of the product.

Case reading 'Power as Domination' Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reading 'Power as Domination' - Case Study Example This essay aims to provide more insight on the communication practices that were employed by TWA to dominate Ozark airlines employees, during and after the acquisition of the airline back in 1986. Primarily it is imperative to acknowledge the fact that effective communication plays a significant role in ensuring that an acquisition accomplishes the expected results. Overtime, surveys have pointed towards the fact that organizations that have embraced effective communication in the course of and after acquiring other businesses have often realized their objectives and stayed in the market for a considerable duration. On the other hand, those that have failed to embrace effective communication have always ended up with failed ventures. Taking the TWA acquisition of Ozark airlines for example, there is no doubt that during the acquisition process, there was bad blood between Ozark and TWA employees, this resulted in tension and created an inefficient environment in which the employees could not bring the best out of themselves (Tamyra et.al 17-21). At the beginning of the venture, there was less employee satisfaction. Employee commitment was similarly lacking from the Ozark empl oyees and the perception of them staying with the organization for a considerable duration of time was similarly lacking. Nevertheless, the management of TWA did not despair, they came up with structures of power and embraced effective communication and these practices played a significant role in the acquisition being a success. To dominate Ozark airlines employees, the TWA management team resorted to being clear in the course of all their communications. This is to imply that they took into account the perspectives held by employees of Ozark airlines. This was achieved by reducing the technical terms in their communication, implying that they employed the use of

Critically discuss whether it is important for children to feel that Essay

Critically discuss whether it is important for children to feel that they 'fit in'. How can practitioners support the development of a sense of belonging - Essay Example Fitting in has come to take on a negative tone where it is believed that children are forced to adopt the mannerisms of the group that they wish to join in order to feel accepted. Not only does it create a situation where children end up losing themselves, but it makes these individuals live a lie, where they pretend to behave in a certain manner so that they can be able to achieve popularity in their environment, especially in school. This paper seeks to show that despite fitting in being considered important, it is detrimental to the development of children because it ends up not giving them an opportunity to belong. In most cases, children seek to fit in so that they can be considered by their peers to be popular and this is especially the case in schools. Schools tend to bring large groups of children together in a manner that creates a situation where there develop a diverse number of social networks among them (Faircloth and Hamm, 2011). These social networks are vital for children within these institutions because they assume the role of socialising them as well as ensuring that they are able to have a circle of friends on which they can rely. However, these social networks tend to be extremely hierarchical and this in such a manner that the most popular children end up being considered to be at the top of the hierarchy while the least popular end up at the bottom. This creates a situation where there is constant competition among children from an early age to ensure that they are able to join the popular children and through them to also gain popularity. While it may seem to be a commendab le system because it gives children the opportunity to learn the means through which they can be able to survive in a competitive world as adults, it also brings about problems for these children (Cialdini and Goldstein, 2004). This is especially the case where children end up having to reject their own personalities and adopt the behaviours of the group that

Variations of the Approaches to VET Systems Essay

Variations of the Approaches to VET Systems - Essay Example The form of the given skills is determined both by the market mechanism and decisions taken by individuals in order to enhance their careers or income. In the second model, the VET is incorporated into an educational system or a school system that is comprehensively made up to develop professionals. Clearly, the systems Ashton (2004) has in mind in relation to the first type is the systems in the UK and US, while he allocates the second type to the dual system of VET in Germany, Switzerland, Austria and Denmark. It is useful to place these two models on two ends of a continuum from a system based on outcomes to one based on inputs. England lies on employability whilst Germany mostly on â€Å"vocational training†. In Germany, the VET systems are put more emphasis on employability with occupations becoming less rather than more delineated and less, rather than more specialised, in line with requirements of the knowledge economy, but also, with a central focus on the occupational mobility of the individual. In England, the opposite is true where there has been a narrowing down of skills. A strong led-demand system ensures the production of narrow sets of skills suited to a low –skilled labour market. ... This contrasts sharply with the VET in England which has been criticised for neglecting general education (Harrison 2002). In addition, these systems are characterised by three important differences between them in terms of the balance between classroom and work place learning. It is only in Germany where a dual system that relies on integration of hypothetical knowledge with significant workplace experience can be found. On the other hand, there have been more advancement aimed at making Vocational Educational and training systems more practice-oriented. However, this contradicts with the English model which in the recent years has moved towards a ‘narrowing’ of skills dispensed with knowledge deemed unnecessary. The fact that it is difficult in the English language to differentiate types of knowing may reflect the suspicion with which abstract underpinning knowledge in VET has been treated in this country (Keep 2006). German distinguishes ‘knowing that’ or theoretical knowledge from ‘knowing how’ practical knowledge or know-how. In addition, the German language further distinguishes between systematic propositional knowledge and systematic propositional knowledge. Also, while in Germany, VET involves different types of knowledge to underpin practice in a rather broad occupational field, VET in England is aimed at acquiring task-specific skills with no or little underpinning knowledge. These types of knowledge are occupational, task-specific and industrial. Importantly, while skills in Germany are integral elements of holistic union, in England they are bundles of specific skills defined as learning outcomes of fragmented qualifications. The education system in

Pressure Care Essay Example for Free

Pressure Care Essay After reading Mrs Fs care plan, it states that she prefers a female care staff to assist her with any daily living needs she requires. Mrs F has no specific preference to how she is moved, and is able to move with the support of one care staff. I also check Mrs Fs Norton Scale risk assessment which states that she is at high risk of pressure area breakdown, and therefore it is essential I check to see if she has any pressure breakdowns. Upon entering the room, I assist Mrs F will putting in her hearing aid, ensuring it is on the correct setting and volume. Once Mrs F can hear me, I ask her if she is ready to move, to which she replies she is. I explain the Mrs F that I am going to help her stand up from the bed, and take her into the bathroom, for her to use the facilities and to get washed and dressed, to which she agrees to. I inform Mrs F that I will return shortly, as I need to put on PPE. I walk to the bathroom and thoroughly wash and dry my hands. This is important as it reduces the risk of cross infection. Cross infection is the transferring of harmful bacteria from one person, object or place to another. Transferring of bacteria can be done by human contact, bodily fluids or food. I then apply gloves and an apron, and go back to Mrs Fs room. As I walk through her room, I assess the environment to see if there are any obstacles which may prevent Mrs F from standing up correctly, and walking to the bathroom without any risks or hazards. As I walk through her room, I move her over-the-bed table to one side of the room, as this could pose a hazard for Mrs F. After assessing the rest of the room, I feel it is now safe to move Mrs F. As Mrs F is still laying in bed at this point, I have two movements to do. One is to get her from laying down, to sitting up, and the other to standing up. I ask Mrs F is she could roll towards me, but not too far as she would fall out the bed. I then ask Mrs F to swing her legs over the side of the bed, then to push up with her hands, allowing her to be in a sitting up position. Mrs F does so, and I give her some time to regain her balance. I then ask Mrs F if she is ready to stand up, to which she is. I put on Mrs Fs slippers as this reduces the risk of her feet slipping on the floor. I then ask Mrs F to place both hands by either side of her on the bed. I then place my own hand on the bottom of her back, providing support and balance for when she stands. I ask Mrs F to push down with her hands, in order to stand up. As Mrs F is pushing down with her hands, I gently push Mrs F to give her extra support, and keep my hand there to provide balance in case she falls back onto the bed. Mrs F then puts her hands on the zimmer frame, and I ask her if she has got her balance, to which she has. I then move my hand from the bottom of Mrs Fs back. I walk with Mrs F to her wardrobe and ask her what she would like to wear today. After Mrs F has chosen her clothes, I then take her into the bathroom. I help Mrs F to sit on the toilet, and stand outside the bathroom whilst she uses the facilities. Once Mrs F has finished, I then re-enter the bathroom, I remove the incontinence pad and put it to one-side and start running the water into the sink. I ask Mrs F if she would prefer to use soap or shower gel. Mrs F chooses soap. After filling the sink, I put soap and water on the flannel and hand it to Mrs F to wash her face. Mrs F then dries her face. I then assist Mrs F with removing her nightdress, and place a towel round her to maintain Mrs Fs dignity. Due to Mrs F being at high risk of pressure area breakdown, I ask her if she minds me checking areas for any signs on redness or breakdown. Mrs F agrees. I check Mrs Fs shoulders and elbows; there are no red marks or breakdown areas. I then hand Mrs F the flannel once again, and ask her to wash her front. After this, Mrs F asks me to assist her with washing her back, which I do. I ask Mrs F if she would like talcum powder on, which she does. I place some talcum powder in Mrs Fs hands, and she applies it where she would like it. I then ask Mrs F if she would like any on her back, which she would. I then assist Mrs F will putting on her vest. However, as Mrs F puts on her vest, she knocks out her hearing aid. I assist Mrs F with putting it back in, but it doesnt work. I change the settings and volume, but Mrs F is still unable to hear me. I change the batteries, which still doesnt resolve the problem. I know have to interpret actions in order to finish assisting Mrs F with washing and dressing. Once Mrs Fs vest is on, I move my hands in an upwards motion, to signify standing up. As Mrs F has a raised toilet seat with arms, I point to the arms of the seat signifying Mrs F to place her hands on the arms of the seat, and once again, I will place my hand at the bottom of her back, to help her stand. As I need to permission of Mrs F to check her hips and buttocks for pressure area breakdown, I write down on a piece of paper can I check if you have any red marks? However, Mrs F finds it difficult to read what is on the paper. As Mrs F doesnt know where her glasses are, I move the paper backwards and forwards in the hope of Mrs F being able to focus. Although Mrs F cant read it properly, she deciphers that the paper says can I look. Mrs F then states that I can check whatever I need to. After checking these areas, again, there are no signs of redness or pressure breakdown. I hand Mrs F the flannel, for her to wash herself underneath. I then handed Mrs F the towel for her to dry herself. Once Mrs F was dry, I sit her back down onto the toilet to assist her to finish getting dressed. I assist Mrs F with putting on her underwear and incontinence pad. I also put on her trousers. As Mrs F has stated that I can check what I need to, I check Mrs Fs heels and there is no sign of redness or pressure breakdown. I then put on Mrs Fs slippers. Before standing Mrs F up, I help her put on the top she has chosen. Once Mrs F is ready, I once again go through with Mrs F how we are going to stand her up. I count to three, and I help her stand up. Once stood up, Mrs F pulls up her underwear and trousers. Once her underwear and trousers are pulled up, I hand Mrs F her comb in order for her to brush her hair. I place my hand at the bottom of her back to help her keep her balance whilst she brushes her hair. Once Mrs Fs hair is brushed. I lead her out of the bathroom, and ask her if she is ready for breakfast, to which she is. I sit Mrs F down in her room whilst I dispose of my apron and gloves, the incontinence pad and any dirty washing from the room. I leave the room, and go to the bathroom, where I dispose of the incontinence pad into a yellow clinical bin. I then take the dirty clothes to the laundry and place them in the correctly coloured bin, which are red for towels and flannels, white for underwear and light garments and blue for dark garments. I then go back to the bathroom, and remove my gloves and apron, disposing of them in the yellow clinical bin. I then go over to the sink and thoroughly wash and dry my hands. After doing this, I go back to Mrs Fs room and signify to Mrs F the motions of eating and drinking, symbolising breakfast. Mrs F understands this motion and says she would love a cup of tea and something to eat. I repeat the routine for the benefit of Mrs F in respect placing her hands on the arms of the chair, to help her stand up I place my hand on the bottom of her back, to assist her standing. Once standing, I guide Mrs F out of her room, and sit her down at the breakfast table.

British Airways Essay Example for Free

British Airways Essay Going into more deep and applying this theory to such company as British Airways I can say that Product strategy is the main strategy of Marketing Mix (4 P’S). Without Product strategy there is no Place, Price and Promotion. Speaking about BA it is transporting industry its product is not physical and cannot be touched. British Airways product strategy includes flight  services, quality of flights, various destinations across Europe and  the world, executive class, business class, speed, security, support  facilities and years of experience. Nowadays, the main aircrafts which BA uses to transport people are Airbus A318-100, Airbus A319-100, Airbus A320-200, Airbus A321-200, Airbus A380-800, Boeing 737–400, Boeing 747-400, Boeing 767-300ER, Boeing 777–200, Boeing 777-200ER, Boeing 777-300ER, Boeing 787–8, Boeing 787–9. Most of the airplanes which are 77% use either Rolls-Royce or IAE alliance engines. Another 23% is divided between General Electric  and the  CFM International  consortium. To the year 2012 BA operates over 400 aircraft, carries over 62  million passengers annually, and serves more than 200 destinations. British Airways is not only Airline Company it also has its own  engineering branch  to exploit its aircraft fleet, this includes line maintenance at over 70 airports around the world. One more vital option of 4 p’s is Place. The main â€Å"place† were customers can consume services of British Airways is situated in Waterside, close to its main airport at London Heathrow Airport. However BA is international company and you can also find it in main airports all over the world. Also there are two important service centers in Glasgow  and  Cardiff Airports. Turning to the third option which is Price the organization should set the price relative with the value delivered and perceived by the  customer. British Airways has set its services in the way that customers can chose how much they want to pay for this service. Comparing with other Airline Companies BA poses four types of services economy class, premium economy class, business class, premium business class. The difference is in quality of â€Å"product which are you consuming† and the price. So price of the tickets are varied from ? 00 to ? 400. Main success of the company depends on its promotion. People in the promotional team of British Airways know their. First slogan The Worlds Favourite Airline was established in 1989 with the song of The Flower Duet by  Leo Delibes. After this there were a lot of changes like Upgrade to British Airways, The Worlds Favourite Airline, The Worlds Best Airline, Well Take More Care Of You, and Fly the Flag. One of the latest tricks was â€Å"Christmas gift voucher† which is promotional prices. This works during the Christmas holidays and offers lowest prices for their customers. For example flying to 14 travel zones from ? 59 return on UK and Europe destinations and  from ? 269 return on the rest of the world In the end I would like to say that British Airlines is one of the biggest companies in this area and one of the best companies. For a long time it provides its clients with high level services and security which is the most important things in this business. Meanwhile, price is responsible to the quality. Service is easily available and well promoted.